HDU-CS-WIKI

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Do it yourself ​

导入库

  • os - 与操作系统交互
  • re - 正则表达式操作
  • json - 处理 JSON 格式
  • requests - 网络操作
  • biliapis - 调用 B 站 API
  • bilicodes - B 站 API 使用的枚举值

按照 PEP 8，推荐的导入库的顺序应该是 标准库 - 三方库 - 本地库 ，且每组间有一个空行

python
import os
import re
import json

import requests

import biliapis
import bilicodes

就先暂时使用字符串代替一下用户输入吧。因为这里只是梳理一下流程。

使用正则表达式提取用户输入中的 avID 或 bvID 。（代码中所示的表达式可能不是最优解，请自行判断）

其实现在复杂的正则表达式更多让 AI 帮忙写

bvID 优先，因为 bvID 中有时候会碰巧出现 avXXX 这样的字符组合。

将用于匹配 avID 、 bvID 的正则表达式字符串预编译。

python
REGEX_BVID = re.compile(r"(BV[a-zA-Z0-9]{10})", re.I)
REGEX_AVID = re.compile(r"av([0-9]+)", re.I)
python
user_input = "https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1q3411E7P7/"
bvids = REGEX_BVID.findall(user_input)
avids = REGEX_AVID.findall(user_input)
ids = {}
if bvids:
    ids["bvid"] = bvids[0]
elif avids:
    ids["avid"] = int(avids[0])
else:
    # 这里直接raise，写在函数里时记得用return代替
    raise RuntimeError("No valid id detected")

调用 API 请求数据

看不懂这里的 **ids ？去看补注！

python
video_data = biliapis.get_video_detail(**ids)
print(json.dumps(video_data, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4))
Output
txt
{
    "code": 0,
    "message": "0",
    "ttl": 1,
    "data": {
        "bvid": "BV1q3411E7P7",
        "aid": 423736658,
        "videos": 2,
        "tid": 201,
        "tname": "科学科普",
        "copyright": 1,
        "pic": "http://i1.hdslb.com/bfs/archive/e4cae24d721b65e59176b701f9e338bc9be536d8.jpg",
        "title": "一位学生在10分钟内读完了31页线性代数，这是他大脑发生的变化",
        "pubdate": 1643557557,
        "ctime": 1643557557,
        "desc": "A Student Finished 31 Pages Of Linear Algebra In 10 Minutes.\r\nThis Is What Happens To His Brain.\r\n模仿chubbyemu的整活视频（）",
        "desc_v2": [
            {
                "raw_text": "A Student Finished 31 Pages Of Linear Algebra In 10 Minutes.\r\nThis Is What Happens To His Brain.\r\n模仿chubbyemu的整活视频（）",
                "type": 1,
                "biz_id": 0
            }
        ],
        "state": 0,
        "duration": 398,
        "mission_id": 351469,
        "rights": {
            "bp": 0,
            "elec": 0,
            "download": 1,
            "movie": 0,
            "pay": 0,
            "hd5": 1,
            "no_reprint": 1,
            "autoplay": 1,
            "ugc_pay": 0,
            "is_cooperation": 0,
            "ugc_pay_preview": 0,
            "no_background": 0,
            "clean_mode": 0,
            "is_stein_gate": 0,
            "is_360": 0,
            "no_share": 0,
            "arc_pay": 0,
            "free_watch": 0
        },
        "owner": {
            "mid": 82513053,
            "name": "F1非法字符",
            "face": "https://i0.hdslb.com/bfs/face/783c40298424a85eec3d63ae4aeebca278bd0f0b.jpg"
        },
        "stat": {
            "aid": 423736658,
            "view": 1094143,
            "danmaku": 2913,
            "reply": 1600,
            "favorite": 13258,
            "coin": 11028,
            "share": 6945,
            "now_rank": 0,
            "his_rank": 0,
            "like": 56717,
            "dislike": 0,
            "evaluation": "",
            "vt": 0
        },
        "argue_info": {
            "argue_msg": "",
            "argue_type": 0,
            "argue_link": ""
        },
        "dynamic": "",
        "cid": 498005170,
        "dimension": {
            "width": 3840,
            "height": 2160,
            "rotate": 0
        },
        "premiere": null,
        "teenage_mode": 0,
        "is_chargeable_season": false,
        "is_story": false,
        "is_upower_exclusive": false,
        "is_upower_play": false,
        "is_upower_preview": false,
        "enable_vt": 0,
        "vt_display": "",
        "no_cache": false,
        "pages": [
            {
                "cid": 498005170,
                "page": 1,
                "from": "vupload",
                "part": "熟肉",
                "duration": 199,
                "vid": "",
                "weblink": "",
                "dimension": {
                    "width": 3840,
                    "height": 2160,
                    "rotate": 0
                },
                "first_frame": "http://i2.hdslb.com/bfs/storyff/n220130152l4jjnekxs22fximvf1o3o9_firsti.jpg"
            },
            {
                "cid": 498005570,
                "page": 2,
                "from": "vupload",
                "part": "为某些勇士准备的生肉",
                "duration": 199,
                "vid": "",
                "weblink": "",
                "dimension": {
                    "width": 3840,
                    "height": 2160,
                    "rotate": 0
                },
                "first_frame": "http://i1.hdslb.com/bfs/storyff/n220130156scqg4mbvpwx29mpll975qy_firsti.jpg"
            }
        ],
        "subtitle": {
            "allow_submit": false,
            "list": []
        },
        "is_season_display": false,
        "user_garb": {
            "url_image_ani_cut": ""
        },
        "honor_reply": {},
        "like_icon": "",
        "need_jump_bv": false,
        "disable_show_up_info": false,
        "is_story_play": 0
    }
}

从中我们可以得到 cid （我猜是 content ID 的简写），接下来我们可以用 cid 取到视频流。当然也可以做一些别的事情比如下载弹幕文件（xml 格式）。

有相当一部分视频拥有多个分 P（见上框运行结果中的 $.data.pages ），每个分 P 都对应着一个 cid ，可以让用户再做一个选择。

对于 JSON 格式，也有像是 XPath 对于 XML 那样的 JSONPath 表达式可以用。

python
pages: list[dict] = video_data["data"]["pages"]

user_choice = 0 # 假定用户选择了第1个分P
cid = pages[user_choice]["cid"]
stream = biliapis.get_video_stream_dash(cid=cid, **ids)
print(json.dumps(stream, ensure_ascii=False, indent=4))
Output
txt
{
    "code": 0,
    "message": "0",
    "ttl": 1,
    "data": {
        "from": "local",
        "result": "suee",
        "message": "",
        "quality": 32,
        "format": "flv480",
        "timelength": 198738,
        "accept_format": "hdflv2,hdflv2,flv,flv720,flv480,mp4",
        "accept_description": [
            "超清 4K",
            "高清 1080P+",
            "高清 1080P",
            "高清 720P",
            "清晰 480P",
            "流畅 360P"
        ],
        "accept_quality": [
            120,
            112,
            80,
            64,
            32,
            16
        ],
        "video_codecid": 7,
        "seek_param": "start",
        "seek_type": "offset",
        "dash": {
            "duration": 199,
            "minBufferTime": 1.5,
            "min_buffer_time": 1.5,
            "video": [
                {
                    "id": 32,
                    "baseUrl": "https://cn-cq-gd-live-03.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=76ad04e8122b6db10a2d1ff512741576&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20320&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=80000000",
                    "base_url": "https://cn-cq-gd-live-03.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=76ad04e8122b6db10a2d1ff512741576&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20320&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=80000000",
                    "backupUrl": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "backup_url": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "bandwidth": 431459,
                    "mimeType": "video/mp4",
                    "mime_type": "video/mp4",
                    "codecs": "avc1.64001F",
                    "width": 852,
                    "height": 480,
                    "frameRate": "29.412",
                    "frame_rate": "29.412",
                    "sar": "640:639",
                    "startWithSap": 1,
                    "start_with_sap": 1,
                    "SegmentBase": {
                        "Initialization": "0-1011",
                        "indexRange": "1012-1523"
                    },
                    "segment_base": {
                        "initialization": "0-1011",
                        "index_range": "1012-1523"
                    },
                    "codecid": 7
                },
                {
                    "id": 32,
                    "baseUrl": "https://cn-cq-gd-bcache-21.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170-1-30033.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=5f07d64e16c928c399aca6068f8936ee&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20316&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=55730&logo=80000000",
                    "base_url": "https://cn-cq-gd-bcache-21.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170-1-30033.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=5f07d64e16c928c399aca6068f8936ee&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20316&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=55730&logo=80000000",
                    "backupUrl": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorbd.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170-1-30033.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bdbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=f9d53ad6a809325a74dd99acddfdcea5&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=55730&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorbd.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170-1-30033.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bdbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=f9d53ad6a809325a74dd99acddfdcea5&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=55730&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "backup_url": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorbd.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170-1-30033.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bdbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=f9d53ad6a809325a74dd99acddfdcea5&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=55730&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorbd.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170-1-30033.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bdbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=f9d53ad6a809325a74dd99acddfdcea5&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=55730&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "bandwidth": 444423,
                    "mimeType": "video/mp4",
                    "mime_type": "video/mp4",
                    "codecs": "hev1.1.6.L120.90",
                    "width": 852,
                    "height": 480,
                    "frameRate": "29.412",
                    "frame_rate": "29.412",
                    "sar": "640:639",
                    "startWithSap": 1,
                    "start_with_sap": 1,
                    "SegmentBase": {
                        "Initialization": "0-1076",
                        "indexRange": "1077-1588"
                    },
                    "segment_base": {
                        "initialization": "0-1076",
                        "index_range": "1077-1588"
                    },
                    "codecid": 12
                },
                {
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                    "base_url": "https://cn-cq-gd-bcache-20.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30216.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=d05d3bbdf34265b63b54817cc17ec4f3&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20315&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=8434&logo=80000000",
                    "backupUrl": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorali.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30216.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=alibv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=193efe078b344a6d6ca25f7acce94a9d&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=8434&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorali.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30216.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=alibv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=193efe078b344a6d6ca25f7acce94a9d&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=8434&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "backup_url": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorali.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30216.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=alibv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=193efe078b344a6d6ca25f7acce94a9d&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=8434&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirrorali.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30216.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=alibv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=193efe078b344a6d6ca25f7acce94a9d&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=8434&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "bandwidth": 67226,
                    "mimeType": "audio/mp4",
                    "mime_type": "audio/mp4",
                    "codecs": "mp4a.40.2",
                    "width": 0,
                    "height": 0,
                    "frameRate": "",
                    "frame_rate": "",
                    "sar": "",
                    "startWithSap": 0,
                    "start_with_sap": 0,
                    "SegmentBase": {
                        "Initialization": "0-941",
                        "indexRange": "942-1453"
                    },
                    "segment_base": {
                        "initialization": "0-941",
                        "index_range": "942-1453"
                    },
                    "codecid": 0
                },
                {
                    "id": 30232,
                    "baseUrl": "https://cn-cq-gd-bcache-19.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30232.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=f73de0e2f5997fd0de022a187cd4dfe1&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20314&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=16460&logo=80000000",
                    "base_url": "https://cn-cq-gd-bcache-19.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30232.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=f73de0e2f5997fd0de022a187cd4dfe1&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20314&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=16460&logo=80000000",
                    "backupUrl": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirror08c.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30232.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=08cbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=3da87fe5a3490a32ca22942e91d0f549&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=16460&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirror08c.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30232.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=08cbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=3da87fe5a3490a32ca22942e91d0f549&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=16460&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "backup_url": [
                        "https://upos-sz-mirror08c.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30232.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=08cbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=3da87fe5a3490a32ca22942e91d0f549&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=16460&logo=40000000",
                        "https://upos-sz-mirror08c.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30232.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=08cbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=hw&upsig=3da87fe5a3490a32ca22942e91d0f549&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=16460&logo=40000000"
                    ],
                    "bandwidth": 131190,
                    "mimeType": "audio/mp4",
                    "mime_type": "audio/mp4",
                    "codecs": "mp4a.40.2",
                    "width": 0,
                    "height": 0,
                    "frameRate": "",
                    "frame_rate": "",
                    "sar": "",
                    "startWithSap": 0,
                    "start_with_sap": 0,
                    "SegmentBase": {
                        "Initialization": "0-907",
                        "indexRange": "908-1419"
                    },
                    "segment_base": {
                        "initialization": "0-907",
                        "index_range": "908-1419"
                    },
                    "codecid": 0
                }
            ],
            "dolby": {
                "type": 0,
                "audio": null
            },
            "flac": null
        },
        "support_formats": [
            {
                "quality": 120,
                "format": "hdflv2",
                "new_description": "4K 超清",
                "display_desc": "4K",
                "superscript": "",
                "codecs": [
                    "avc1.640033",
                    "hev1.1.6.L153.90"
                ]
            },
            {
                "quality": 112,
                "format": "hdflv2",
                "new_description": "1080P 高码率",
                "display_desc": "1080P",
                "superscript": "高码率",
                "codecs": [
                    "avc1.640032",
                    "hev1.1.6.L120.90"
                ]
            },
            {
                "quality": 80,
                "format": "flv",
                "new_description": "1080P 高清",
                "display_desc": "1080P",
                "superscript": "",
                "codecs": [
                    "avc1.640032",
                    "hev1.1.6.L120.90"
                ]
            },
            {
                "quality": 64,
                "format": "flv720",
                "new_description": "720P 高清",
                "display_desc": "720P",
                "superscript": "",
                "codecs": [
                    "avc1.640028",
                    "hev1.1.6.L120.90"
                ]
            },
            {
                "quality": 32,
                "format": "flv480",
                "new_description": "480P 清晰",
                "display_desc": "480P",
                "superscript": "",
                "codecs": [
                    "avc1.64001F",
                    "hev1.1.6.L120.90"
                ]
            },
            {
                "quality": 16,
                "format": "mp4",
                "new_description": "360P 流畅",
                "display_desc": "360P",
                "superscript": "",
                "codecs": [
                    "avc1.64001E",
                    "hev1.1.6.L120.90"
                ]
            }
        ],
        "high_format": null,
        "last_play_time": 0,
        "last_play_cid": 0,
        "view_info": null
    }
}

又取到流了家人们

在字典 $.data.dash 中，存在两个列表 video 和 audio ，它们之中的字典包含了各个质量的媒体流。这就是为什么客户端能根据网络质量在各个画质间自动快速切换。

让我们随便取一个质量的视频流，看看是怎么个事。

python
video_streams = stream["data"]["dash"]["video"]
audio_streams = stream["data"]["dash"]["audio"]

print(json.dumps(video_streams[0], ensure_ascii=False, indent=4))
Output
txt
{
    "id": 32,
    "baseUrl": "https://cn-cq-gd-live-03.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=76ad04e8122b6db10a2d1ff512741576&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20320&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=80000000",
    "base_url": "https://cn-cq-gd-live-03.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=bcache&oi=2101216138&trid=0000f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=76ad04e8122b6db10a2d1ff512741576&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&cdnid=20320&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=0,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=80000000",
    "backupUrl": [
        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000",
        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000"
    ],
    "backup_url": [
        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=1,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000",
        "https://upos-sz-mirrorcos.bilivideo.com/upgcxcode/70/51/498005170/498005170_nb2-1-30032.m4s?e=ig8euxZM2rNcNbdlhoNvNC8BqJIzNbfqXBvEqxTEto8BTrNvN0GvT90W5JZMkX_YN0MvXg8gNEV4NC8xNEV4N03eN0B5tZlqNxTEto8BTrNvNeZVuJ10Kj_g2UB02J0mN0B5tZlqNCNEto8BTrNvNC7MTX502C8f2jmMQJ6mqF2fka1mqx6gqj0eN0B599M=&uipk=5&nbs=1&deadline=1721647531&gen=playurlv2&os=cosbv&oi=2101216138&trid=f27869831cf14549b8700398999a40d6u&mid=0&platform=pc&og=cos&upsig=73ec14f105c9a1c1b0144b49b7bac210&uparams=e,uipk,nbs,deadline,gen,os,oi,trid,mid,platform,og&bvc=vod&nettype=0&orderid=2,3&buvid=&build=0&f=u_0_0&agrr=1&bw=54104&logo=40000000"
    ],
    "bandwidth": 431459,
    "mimeType": "video/mp4",
    "mime_type": "video/mp4",
    "codecs": "avc1.64001F",
    "width": 852,
    "height": 480,
    "frameRate": "29.412",
    "frame_rate": "29.412",
    "sar": "640:639",
    "startWithSap": 1,
    "start_with_sap": 1,
    "SegmentBase": {
        "Initialization": "0-1011",
        "indexRange": "1012-1523"
    },
    "segment_base": {
        "initialization": "0-1011",
        "index_range": "1012-1523"
    },
    "codecid": 7
}

可以看到里面除了媒体流地址，还有各种各样的提供给解码器（或者说播放器？）的信息。不过既然我们只需要下载它们，那就只需要关心地址就好（吗？）

对照 bilicodes 中的信息，我们可以知道这个流是什么质量的。（其实从编码参数中的分辨率也能看出来）

python
print(bilicodes.stream_dash_video_quality[video_streams[0]["id"]])
Output
txt
480P

得到了媒体流地址后，我们就可以开始下载了。对于偏大的文件，最好使用 requests 的流式传输。

下载流时记得带上指向 B 站域名的 Referer 请求头，服务器会检验这个字段。

这里我们假设用户选择了当前目录（ ./ ）作为保存位置，并对于音频和视频都选择了质量最好的流。

从标题和分 P 名生成文件名，使用正则表达式去除不能作为文件名的字符

python
# 假定用户选择了最高质量的流
video_stream = max(video_streams, key=lambda x: x["height"])
audio_stream = max(audio_streams, key=lambda x: x["bandwidth"])
url_v = video_stream["base_url"]
url_a = audio_stream["base_url"]

save_dir = "./"
title = video_data["data"]["title"] + "_" + pages[user_choice]["part"]
# 通过cid生成临时文件名
tmpfile_au = os.path.join(save_dir, "%d_au.m4a" % cid)
tmpfile_vi = os.path.join(save_dir, "%d_vi.m4v" % cid)
# 通过title和分P名生成最终文件名
file_final = os.path.join(save_dir, re.sub(r"[<>:\'\"/\\|?*]", "_", title) + ".mp4")
# 视频流
with open(tmpfile_vi, "wb+") as fp:
    with requests.get(url_v, stream=True, headers=biliapis.DEFAULT_HEADERS) as resp:
        for chunk in resp.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
            if chunk:
                fp.write(chunk)
# 音频流
with open(tmpfile_au, "wb+") as fp:
    with requests.get(url_a, stream=True, headers=biliapis.DEFAULT_HEADERS) as resp:
        for chunk in resp.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
            if chunk:
                fp.write(chunk)

通过命令行调用 ffmpeg 进行合流，合流完毕后删除音频流与视频流

关于 ffmpeg 从命令行的调用，参见 ffmpeg 官方文档等网站。也可使用另外的库比如python-ffmpeg。

python
os.system(
    'ffmpeg -i "%s" -i "%s" -vcodec copy -acodec copy "%s"'
    % (tmpfile_vi, tmpfile_au, file_final)
)
os.remove(tmpfile_vi)
os.remove(tmpfile_au)

尽管还有亿些需要改善的细节，但这就是最基本的视频下载流程了。

让我们回到本节的主文档中，细节放在了补注中。

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